Tracheomalacia causes considerable morbidity in children, and the best treatment op-tions remain debated. This paper presents a case series of seven Danish children whounderwent surgical interventions, such as tracheopexy and aortopexy, demonstratingfavourable clinical outcomes, notably with early intervention. We discuss the indica-tions, timing and potential benefits of surgery for tracheomalacia in reducing respira-tory symptoms caused by tracheal collapse. Our case series highlights the potential ofsurgical options in managing tracheomalacia, emphasising the need for standardisedprotocols, multidisciplinary and international collaboration, and further research tooptimise treatment strategies and outcomes.
Introduction: This national study aimed to assess the incidence and respiratory morbidity in children with esophageal atresia (EA). Methods: We conducted a national population-based cohort study from 1998 to 2018 using the National Patient Registry to identify children with EA and calculated the annual incidence. Respiratory morbidity was evaluated through healthcare utilization and prescribed therapy. A case-control analysis linked to the Prescription Registry compared lung disease management in EA patients to age-matched children with asthma, and a healthy control group. Results: The incidence of EA remained stable at 2.5 cases per 10.000 births, with a 20-year mortality rate of 4%. Children with EA exhibited significantly higher antibiotic use, with an average of 8.5 prescriptions per year, compared to 2.8 in the asthma group and 2.3 in the healthy controls. Use of beta-2 agonists was similar between the EA and asthma group, with 2.6 and 2.4 prescriptions per year, respectively. Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use was also elevated in children with EA, averaging 2.8 prescriptions per year, approaching the 3.3 prescriptions per year observed in children with asthma. Children with EA also had significantly more healthcare contacts, which were not solely related to esophageal complications. Conclusion: Although the incidence of EA has remained stable, children with EA experience higher respiratory morbidity in early life compared to peers with asthma or those without chronic illness. This disparity diminishes with age, particularly during adolescence.
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